Medium

markdown-it linkify: true has two quadratic paths, so a few hundred KB of markdown blocks the event loop for tens of seconds

  • Disclosed: 29.09.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 10:22

Summary

Two independent quadratic paths in the linkify: true handling. Both are in markdown-it's own code rather than in linkify-it, which stays linear on both payloads.

src/rules_core/linkify.ts calls arrayReplaceAt once per linkified text token, and that rebuilds the whole children array each time. A paragraph of N soft-broken lines is one inline token with about 2N children, so you get N rebuilds over a 2N array. Schema-less emails are what reach it. A http:// link gets consumed by the inline rule first and never arrives as a text token, so those stay linear.

src/rules_inline/linkify.ts runs state.pending.match(SCHEME_RE) at every :// in the source. state.pending only gets truncated once a link is actually produced, so an unregistered scheme leaves it growing and every :// rescans the lot.

Proof of concept

Clean install of 15.0.0 from npm, new MarkdownIt({ linkify: true }).render(payload), Node 24.

N 5,000 10,000 20,000 40,000
'a@b.co\n'.repeat(N), 34KB to 273KB 1.1s 4.7s 19.6s 89s
'a://'.repeat(N), 20KB to 156KB 0.25s 0.76s 3.1s 15.0s

Doubling the input roughly quadruples the time in both. With linkify: false the same inputs run in 25 to 131ms and stay flat.

Controls for the first one, all at N=20000: putting every email in a single text token ('a@b.co ') takes 0.59s, one email per paragraph ('a@b.co\n\n') takes 0.64s, and soft-broken lines with nothing linkifiable take 42ms. So it needs many children AND many of them linkifying. For the second, replaying just the SCHEME_RE calls against the same growing prefixes with no markdown-it involved accounts for 11.7s of the 15s.

Ordinary prose does it too. 'ping a@b.co ok\n'.repeat(20000) is 293KB and takes 31s.

Caveat

linkify is off by default, so this only reaches apps that turn it on.

Impact

Availability only. A few hundred KB of fairly ordinary markdown pins one core for tens of seconds, and because it's quadratic it degrades quickly with size. Nothing is read, written or executed.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
npm package markdown-it >= 15.0.0, < 15.0.1, < 14.3.1 15.0.1, 14.3.1

References

CVSS score -
CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-400, CWE-407
Platform
npm
Package
markdown-it
Disclosed
29.09.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 10:22

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-253c-mchw-3w2r - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: markdown-it

All published vulnerabilities of this package (npm package), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

Total entries
8
First → latest
01.2022 10.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • High 3
  • Medium 4
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2022: 2
  2. 2023: 0
  3. 2024: 0
  4. 2025: 0
  5. 2026: 6
  1. Low · 3.7 CVE-2026-111766 < 14.3.3, >= 15.0.0, < 15.0.3 14.3.3, 15.0.3
  2. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-111759 >= 15.0.0, < 15.0.2, < 14.3.2 15.0.2, 14.3.2
  3. markdown-it linkify: true has two quadratic paths, so a few hundred KB of markdown blocks the event loop for tens of seconds this entry
    Medium ghsa-253c-mchw-3w2r >= 15.0.0, < 15.0.1, < 14.3.1 15.0.1, 14.3.1
  4. Medium · 5.3 CVE-2026-2327 >= 13.0.0, < 14.1.1 14.1.1
  5. Medium · 5.3 CVE-2022-21670 < 12.3.2 12.3.2

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