Medium

Netty: Security Control Bypass via CORS Short-Circuit Failure

  • Disclosed: 22.07.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 13:20

Summary

Netty's CorsHandler provides a shortCircuit() configuration designed to reject unauthorized cross-origin requests immediately, acting as a security control before requests reach the application. However, due to a logical operator error in the origin evaluation process, this protection can be entirely bypassed. An attacker can bypass the short-circuit mechanism by sending a request with an Origin: null header. This failure forwards unauthorized requests to the backend application, bypassing intended access controls.

Details

In io.netty.handler.codec.http.cors.CorsHandler#channelRead, the short-circuit logic relies on the configuration returned by getForOrigin(origin) to determine if an origin is authorized. If getForOrigin returns a configuration object, the short-circuit check (!(origin == null || config != null)) is bypassed, and the request proceeds to the backend.

The vulnerability is located in the getForOrigin method:

java
            if (corsConfig.isNullOriginAllowed() || NULL_ORIGIN.equals(requestOrigin)) {
                return corsConfig;
            }

If an attacker sends Origin: null, NULL_ORIGIN.equals(requestOrigin) evaluates to true. The method returns the configuration object regardless of whether isNullOriginAllowed() was configured by the developer. The short-circuit is bypassed.

Impact

Applications relying on CorsHandler's short-circuit feature to prevent unauthorized cross-origin requests from reaching their backend logic are completely exposed. The framework fails to enforce the developer's intended access controls, allowing unauthorized requests to be processed.

Affected software

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PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Java / Kotlin (Maven) io.netty:netty-codec-http >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.16.Final, < 4.1.136.Final 4.2.16.Final, 4.1.136.Final

References

CVSS score 6.5/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-284
Platform
Java / Kotlin (Maven)
Package
io.netty:netty-codec-http
Disclosed
22.07.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 13:20

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-6cqp-g7gg-8hr5 - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: io.netty:netty-codec-http

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Java / Kotlin (Maven)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (24) in the archive
Total entries
24
First → latest
02.2020 08.2026
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 1
  • High 6
  • Medium 16
  • Low 1

Disclosures per year

  1. 2020: 1
  2. 2021: 2
  3. 2022: 2
  4. 2023: 0
  5. 2024: 1
  6. 2025: 2
  7. 2026: 16
Severity:
  1. Netty: Security Control Bypass via CORS Short-Circuit Failure this entry
    Medium · 6.5 CVE-2026-56746 >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.16.Final, < 4.1.136.Final 4.2.16.Final, 4.1.136.Final
  2. High CVE-2026-56745 >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.16.Final, >= 4.1.0.Final, < 4.1.136.Final 4.2.16.Final, 4.1.136.Final
  3. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-55833 >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.16.Final, >= 4.1.0.Final, < 4.1.136.Final 4.2.16.Final, 4.1.136.Final
  4. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-55831 >= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.16.Final, >= 4.1.0.Final, < 4.1.136.Final 4.2.16.Final, 4.1.136.Final
  5. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-42587 >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.13.Final, < 4.1.133.Final 4.2.13.Final, 4.1.133.Final
  6. High · 7.3 CVE-2026-42584 >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.13.Final, < 4.1.133.Final 4.2.13.Final, 4.1.133.Final
  7. High · 7.5 CVE-2026-33870 < 4.1.132.Final, >= 4.2.0.Alpha1, < 4.2.10.Final 4.1.132.Final, 4.2.10.Final
  8. Critical · 9.1 CVE-2019-20444 < 4.1.44 4.1.44

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