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Medium

OpenClaw ACP client has permission auto-approval bypass via untrusted tool metadata

  • Disclosed: 27.02.2026
  • Updated: 11.10.2026 10:22

Vulnerability Summary

The OpenClaw ACP client could auto-approve tool calls based on untrusted metadata and permissive name heuristics. A malicious or compromised ACP tool invocation could bypass expected interactive approval prompts for read-class operations.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: npm openclaw
  • Affected published versions: <= 2026.2.22-2 (latest published as of February 24, 2026 is 2026.2.22-2)
  • Patched in code on main: 2026.2.23 (released)

Technical Details

  • Permission classification trusted incoming toolCall.kind and heuristic name matching.
  • Non-core read-like names and spoofed kind metadata could reach auto-approve paths.
  • read operations were not scoped strongly enough to cwd in all metadata/title forms.

Fix

  • Require trusted core tool IDs for auto-approval and ignore untrusted toolCall.kind as an authorization source.
  • Scope read auto-approval to cwd-resolved paths.
  • Add stricter tool-name validation and regression coverage for spoofed kind and non-core read-like names.

Affected Functions

  • resolvePermissionRequest
  • resolveToolNameForPermission
  • shouldAutoApproveToolCall

Fix Commit(s)

  • 12cc754332f9a7c92e158ce7644aa22df79c0904
  • 63dcd28ae0be2de1c75af09cc81841cebeec068f

Found using MCPwner

Thanks @nedlir for reporting.

Affected software

Click a technology to see all vulnerabilities affecting it.

PlatformPackageVulnerable versionsFixed in
npm package openclaw < 2026.2.23 2026.2.23

References

CVSS score 5.4/10
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639, CWE-863
Platform
npm
Package
openclaw
Disclosed
27.02.2026
Updated
11.10.2026 10:22

Sources and licenses

OSV / GitHub Advisory Database - GHSA-7jx5-9fjg-hp4m - CC BY 4.0

Vulnerability history: openclaw

All published vulnerabilities of this package (npm package), newest first. Shows whether this is a one-off slip or a package that needs watching.

All (589) in the archive
Total entries
589
First → latest
02.2026 10.2026
Without a fix
9
Exploited in attacks
0

Severity breakdown

  • Critical 20
  • High 215
  • Medium 300
  • Low 54

Disclosures per year

Severity:
  1. OpenClaw ACP client has permission auto-approval bypass via untrusted tool metadata this entry
    Medium · 5.4 CVE-2026-32898 < 2026.2.23 2026.2.23
  2. OpenClaw: Native command authorization could skip owner-command enforcement
    High CVE-2026-53828 < 2026.5.6 2026.5.6
  3. OpenClaw: PowerShell encoded-command aliases could miss exec allowlist checks
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53836 < 2026.5.12 2026.5.12
  4. OpenClaw: Trusted retry endpoint checks could match hostname prefixes
    High CVE-2026-53839 < 2026.5.7 2026.5.7
  5. OpenClaw: Telegram interactive callbacks could skip commands.allowFrom
    High CVE-2026-53807 < 2026.5.6 2026.5.6
  6. OpenClaw: Matrix allowFrom could bind to mutable display names
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53811 < 2026.5.7 2026.5.7
  7. OpenClaw: Paired nodes could forge exec lifecycle events without system.run provenance
    High · 7.2 CVE-2026-53816 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  8. OpenClaw: Combined POSIX shell options could confuse exec revalidation
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53806 < 2026.5.12 2026.5.12
  9. OpenClaw: Fake package roots could influence memory-core artifact loading
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-53813 < 2026.4.25 2026.4.25
  10. OpenClaw: Workspace .env could override Homebrew executable selection for skill install flows
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53819 < 2026.5.27 2026.5.27
  11. OpenClaw: QQBot pre-dispatch slash commands could skip allowFrom checks
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-53834 < 2026.4.27 2026.4.27
  12. OpenClaw: Non-owner chat senders could issue device-pairing bootstrap codes
    High · 8.3 CVE-2026-32905 < 2026.5.4 2026.5.4
  13. OpenClaw: QQBot admin commands could skip DM-only and allowFrom policy
    Critical CVE-2026-34507 < 2026.4.29 2026.4.29
  14. OpenClaw: Trusted-proxy Control UI WebSocket accepted client-declared scopes before pairing
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53821 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  15. OpenClaw: Slack allowFrom could bind to mutable display names
    High CVE-2026-53823 < 2026.5.3 2026.5.3
  16. OpenClaw: QQBot streaming command could mutate config without explicit allowFrom
    High · 7.7 CVE-2026-53833 < 2026.4.29 2026.4.29
  17. OpenClaw: Scoped chat.send route inheritance could bypass admin command scope gates
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-35674 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  18. OpenClaw's POSIX node system.run safe-bin allowlist could be widened by shell expansion
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53831 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  19. OpenClaw: QQBot native approval buttons did not enforce configured approver identity
    High · 8.0 CVE-2026-35630 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  20. OpenClaw: Hook-triggered CLI runs could receive owner MCP tool authority
    High · 8.4 CVE-2026-53814 < 2026.5.20 2026.5.20
  21. OpenClaw: Control UI locality spoofing could mint a durable admin device token
    High · 8.0 CVE-2026-53817 < 2026.5.22 2026.5.22
  22. OpenClaw: Same-host trusted-proxy deployments could accept local forged identity headers
    High · 7.7 CVE-2026-53832 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  23. OpenClaw's marketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53810 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  24. OpenClaw: Shell wrapper argv could change between approval and execution
    High CVE-2026-53822 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  25. OpenClaw: Exec approval display truncation could hide the command being approved
    High · 8.0 CVE-2026-53829 < 2026.5.18 2026.5.18
  26. OpenClaw: Message read actions could skip channel allowlist checks
    High · 6.5 CVE-2026-53815 < 2026.5.19 2026.5.19
  27. OpenClaw: Workspace-derived service PATH could influence trash command selection
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53865 < 2026.5.2 2026.5.2
  28. OpenClaw: Workspace .env STATE_DIRECTORY could influence bundled runtime dependency roots
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53858 < 2026.5.2 2026.5.2
  29. OpenClaw: Discord allowFrom could bind to mutable display names
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-53849 < 2026.5.7 2026.5.7
  30. OpenClaw: Workspace .env npm_execpath could influence bundled runtime dependency install
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53846 < 2026.4.29 2026.4.29
  31. OpenClaw: Linux and macOS exec allowlists skipped configured argument patterns
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53853 < 2026.5.12 2026.5.12
  32. OpenClaw: Zalo allowFrom could bind to mutable display names
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-53857 < 2026.5.3 2026.5.3
  33. OpenClaw: Shell positional parameters could weaken strict inline-eval checks
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-53855 < 2026.4.2 2026.4.2
  34. OpenClaw: Workspace .env CLOUDSDK_PYTHON could influence Gmail setup gcloud execution
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53842 < 2026.5.2 2026.5.2
  35. OpenClaw: Shell inline-command parsing could miss an allowlist check
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-53866 < 2026.5.12 2026.5.12
  36. OpenClaw: Pairing-scoped device session could restore revoked node token authority
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-53843 < 2026.5.26 2026.5.26
  37. OpenClaw: Host environment sanitizer missed two Node.js control variables
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-53864 < 2026.5.26 2026.5.26
  38. OpenClaw: MCP Streamable HTTP redirects could forward configured custom headers to another origin
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-53840 < 2026.5.12 2026.5.12
  39. OpenClaw's gateway config mutation guard allowed unsafe model-driven config writes
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-45006 < 2026.4.23 2026.4.23
  40. OpenClaw vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via attacker-controlled setup-api.js loaded from cwd during env-key resolution
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-45004 < 2026.4.23 2026.4.23
  41. OpenClaw: MCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-44118 < 2026.4.22 2026.4.22
  42. OpenClaw: Workspace dotenv could override runtime-control environment variables
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-44114 < 2026.4.20 2026.4.20
  43. OpenClaw: Feishu webhook and card-action validation now fail closed
    Critical · 9.8 CVE-2026-44109 < 2026.4.15 2026.4.15
  44. OpenClaw: Gateway HTTP endpoints re-resolve bearer auth after SecretRef rotation
    Critical · 8.1 CVE-2026-43585 < 2026.4.15 2026.4.15
  45. OpenClaw: QQBot media tags could read arbitrary local files through reply text
    High CVE-2026-43533 < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  46. OpenClaw: busybox and toybox applet execution weakened exec approval binding
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-43530 >= 2026.2.23, < 2026.4.12 2026.4.12
  47. OpenClaw: Matrix profile config persistence was reachable from operator.write message tools
    High · 6.5 CVE-2026-42433 < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  48. OpenClaw: Sandboxed agents could escape exec routing via host=node override
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-42434 >= 2026.4.5, < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  49. OpenClaw: Workspace provider auth choices could auto-enable untrusted provider plugins
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-43569 < 2026.4.9 2026.4.9
  50. OpenClaw: Sandbox browser CDP relay could expose DevTools protocol on 0.0.0.0
    High CVE-2026-43581 < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  51. OpenClaw: Channel setup catalog lookups could include untrusted workspace plugin shadows
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-43571 < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  52. OpenClaw: Exec environment denylist missed high-risk interpreter startup variables
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-43584 < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  53. OpenClaw: Voice-call realtime WebSocket accepted oversized frames
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-42437 >= 2026.4.9, < 2026.4.10 2026.4.10
  54. OpenClaw: config.get redaction bypass through sourceConfig and runtimeConfig aliases
    High CVE-2026-43528 < 2026.4.14 2026.4.14
  55. OpenClaw: `fetchWithSsrFGuard` replays unsafe request bodies across cross-origin redirects
    High CVE-2026-40037 < 2026.4.8 2026.4.8
  56. OpenClaw: Node Pairing Reconnect Command Escalation Bypasses operator.admin Scope Requirement
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-42432 < 2026.4.8 2026.4.8
  57. OpenClaw: HGRCPATH, CARGO_BUILD_RUSTC_WRAPPER, RUSTC_WRAPPER, and MAKEFLAGS missing from exec env denylist — RCE via build tool env injection (GHSA-cm8v-2vh9-cxf3 class)
    High CVE-2026-42427 < 2026.4.8 2026.4.8
  58. OpenClaw: Authenticated `/hooks/wake` and mapped `wake` payloads are promoted into the trusted `System:` prompt channel
    High ghsa-jf56-mccx-5f3f < 2026.4.8 2026.4.8
  59. OpenClaw: Lower-trust background runtime output is injected into trusted `System:` events, and local async exec completion misses the intended `exec-event` downgrade
    High ghsa-gfmx-pph7-g46x < 2026.4.8 2026.4.8
  60. OpenClaw: Gateway operator.write Can Reach Admin-Class Telegram Config and Cron Persistence via send
    High · 7.1 CVE-2026-41359 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  61. OpenClaw Has Incomplete Fix for CVE-2026-4039: CLI Backend Environment Variable Injection via Workspace Config
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-41384 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  62. OpenClaw: Gemini OAuth exposed the PKCE verifier through the OAuth state parameter
    High CVE-2026-34511 < 2026.4.2 2026.4.2
  63. OpenClaw: macOS Tailnet DNS Spoofing & Credential Exfiltration
    High CVE-2026-41393 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  64. OpenClaw: Unbound bootstrap setup codes allow privilege escalation during pairing
    High · 9.8 CVE-2026-41386 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  65. OpenClaw: Node browser proxy `allowProfiles` bypass through persistent profile mutation and runtime profile selection
    High CVE-2026-41353 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  66. OpenClaw: Paired node escalates to gateway RCE via unrestricted node.event agent dispatch
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-41378 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  67. OpenClaw: Sandbox escape via TOCTOU race in remote FS bridge readFile
    Critical · 8.2 CVE-2026-41296 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  68. OpenClaw: Host exec environment sanitization misses package, registry, Docker, compiler, and TLS override variables
    High · 6.5 CVE-2026-41369 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  69. OpenClaw: Incomplete scope-clearing fix allows operator.admin escalation via trusted-proxy auth mode
    High CVE-2026-41404 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  70. OpenClaw: Agentic Consent Bypass — LLM Agent Can Silently Disable Exec Approval via `config.patch`
    High CVE-2026-41349 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  71. OpenClaw: Incomplete host-env-security-policy allows untrusted model to substitute compiler binaries via env overrides
    High · 6.1 CVE-2026-41373 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  72. OpenClaw: Device-Paired Node Skips Node Scope Gate → Host RCE.md
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-41352 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  73. OpenClaw: MS Teams webhook parses body before JWT validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-41405 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  74. OpenClaw: Self-Whitelisting in appendLocalMediaParentRoots Allows Arbitrary File Read & Credential Exfiltration
    High CVE-2026-41366 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  75. OpenClaw: OpenShell Mirror Sync — Sandbox Escape via Unrestricted File Sync + Symlink Traversal
    High · 9.6 CVE-2026-41397 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  76. OpenClaw: Workspace `.env` can override the bundled plugin trust root
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-41396 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  77. OpenClaw: SSH sandbox tar upload follows symlinks, enabling arbitrary file write on remote host
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-41364 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  78. OpenClaw: Workspace `.env` can override the bundled hooks root and load attacker hook code
    High · 7.8 CVE-2026-41336 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  79. OpenClaw: Heartbeat context inheritance bypasses sandbox via senderIsOwner escalation
    Critical CVE-2026-41329 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  80. OpenClaw: PIP_INDEX_URL and UV_INDEX_URL bypass host exec env sanitization and redirect Python package-index traffic
    High · 5.3 CVE-2026-41391 < 2026.3.31 2026.3.31
  81. OpenClaw has a CWD `.env` environment variable injection which bypasses host-env policy and allows config takeover
    Critical · 9.6 CVE-2026-41294 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  82. OpenClaw gateway exec allow-always over-trusts positional carrier executables
    High · 7.3 CVE-2026-41380 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  83. OpenClaw Gateway `operator.write` can reach admin-only session reset via `chat.send` `/reset`
    High CVE-2026-41371 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  84. OpenClaw has a gateway exec allowlist allow-always bypass via unregistered /usr/bin/script wrapper
    High · 7.3 CVE-2026-41390 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  85. OpenClaw's incomplete host env sanitization blocklist allows supply-chain redirection via package-manager env overrides
    High · 9.6 CVE-2026-41387 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  86. OpenClaw: Gateway chat.send ACP-only provenance guard could be bypassed by client identity spoofing
    High CVE-2026-41299 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  87. OpenClaw safeBins jq `$ENV` filter bypass allows environment variable disclosure
    High · 7.7 CVE-2026-41368 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  88. OpenClaw's message tool media parameter bypasses tool policy filesystem isolation
    High · 6.2 CVE-2026-33581 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  89. OpenClaw: Discord text `/approve` bypasses `channels.discord.execApprovals.approvers` and allows non-approvers to resolve pending exec approvals
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-41303 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  90. OpenClaw's device removal and token revocation do not terminate active WebSocket sessions
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-34503 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  91. OpenClaw: CLI Remote Onboarding Persists Unauthenticated Discovery Endpoint and Exfiltrates Gateway Credentials
    High · 7.3 CVE-2026-41342 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  92. OpenClaw: /pair approve command path omitted caller scope subsetting and reopened device pairing escalation
    Critical CVE-2026-33579 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  93. OpenClaw: Voice-call Plivo V3 webhook replay key uses unsorted URL, allowing replay via query-parameter reordering
    High CVE-2026-41395 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  94. OpenClaw: `browser.request` still allows `POST /reset-profile` through the `operator.write` surface
    High · 8.1 CVE-2026-35653 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  95. OpenClaw: Gateway operator.write Can Reach Admin-Class Channel Allowlist Persistence via chat.send
    High CVE-2026-35621 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  96. OpenClaw has an Arbitrary Malicious Code Execution Vulnerability
    High · 8.6 CVE-2026-35641 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  97. OpenClaw has Sandbox Media Root Bypass via Unnormalized `mediaUrl` / `fileUrl` Parameter Keys (CWE-22)
    High · 7.7 CVE-2026-35668 < 2026.3.24 2026.3.24
  98. OpenClaw: SSRF via Unguarded Configured Base URLs in Multiple Channel Extensions (Incomplete Fix for CVE-2026-28476)
    High CVE-2026-35629 < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  99. OpenClaw: `session_status` sessionId resolution bypasses sandboxed session-tree visibility
    High CVE-2026-35636 >= 2026.3.11, < 2026.3.28 2026.3.28
  100. OpenClaw: Gateway Plugin HTTP Auth Grants Unrestricted operator.admin Runtime Scope to All Callers
    High CVE-2026-35669 <= 2026.3.24 no fix
  101. OpenClaw: Silent privilege escalation via gateway shared-auth reconnect
    Critical CVE-2026-35625 <= 2026.3.24 no fix
  102. OpenClaw: Gateway Backend Reconnect lets Non-Admin Operator Scopes Self-Claim operator.admin
    Critical CVE-2026-35663 <= 2026.3.24 no fix
  103. OpenClaw: Gateway HTTP /sessions/:sessionKey/kill Reaches Admin Kill Path Without Caller Scope Binding
    High CVE-2026-34512 <= 2026.3.24 no fix
  104. OpenClaw Gateway: RCE and Privilege Escalation from operator.pairing to operator.admin via device.pair.approve
    Critical CVE-2026-35639 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  105. OpenClaw's mutating internal ACP chat commands missed operator.admin scope enforcement
    High CVE-2026-35631 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  106. OpenClaw has Inconsistent Host Exec Environment Override Sanitization
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-35650 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  107. OpenClaw's Trusted-proxy Control UI sessions retain privileged scopes without device identity on device-less allow paths
    High CVE-2026-35638 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  108. OpenClaw: Remote media error responses could trigger unbounded memory allocation before failure
    High CVE-2026-35633 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  109. OpenClaw: Arbitrary code execution via unvalidated WebView JavascriptInterface
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-35643 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  110. OpenClaw's system.run allowlist can be bypassed through an unregistered time dispatch wrapper
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-35666 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  111. OpenClaw: Nostr inbound DMs could trigger unauthenticated crypto work before sender policy enforcement
    High CVE-2026-35627 < 2026.3.22 2026.3.22
  112. OpenClaw: Gateway agent /reset exposes admin session reset to operator.write callers
    High CVE-2026-35660 < 2026.3.23 2026.3.23
  113. OpenClaw: Plivo V2 verified replay identity drifts on query-only variants
    High CVE-2026-35618 < 2026.3.23 2026.3.23
  114. OpenClaw is vulnerable to Path Traversal through path validation bypass
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-32846 < 2026.03.28 2026.03.28
  115. OpneClaw accepts unsanitized iMessage attachment paths which allowed SCP remote-path command injection
    High CVE-2026-32917 < 2026.3.13 2026.3.13
  116. OpenClaw Telegram webhook request bodies were read before secret validation, enabling unauthenticated resource exhaustion
    High · 7.5 CVE-2026-32980 < 2026.3.13 2026.3.13
  117. OpenClaw bootstrap setup codes could be replayed to escalate pending pairing scopes before approval
    High CVE-2026-32987 < 2026.3.13 2026.3.13
  118. OpenClaw: Feishu webhook mode accepted forged events when only `verificationToken` was configured
    High · 8.6 CVE-2026-32974 < 2026.3.12 2026.3.12
  119. OpenClaw: Gateway `agent` calls could override the workspace boundary
    High · 8.8 CVE-2026-33573 < 2026.3.11 2026.3.11
  120. OpenClaw: WebSocket shared-auth connections could self-declare elevated scopes
    Critical · 9.9 CVE-2026-22172 < 2026.3.12 2026.3.12
  121. `OpenClaw: session_status` let sandboxed subagents access parent or sibling session state
    High · 8.4 CVE-2026-32918 < 2026.3.11 2026.3.11
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